Pepper exports in the final month of the year maintained positive momentum, contributing to the total pepper export value in 2025 reaching an all-time high of 1.66 billion USD.
According to the Vietnam Pepper and Spice Association (VPSA), in December 2025 Vietnam exported 22,473 tons of pepper, with a value of 146.4 million USD. Compared to November, volume and value increased by 20.9% and 20.5%, respectively. The average export price of black pepper in December was 6,485 USD/ton, while white pepper was USD 8,565/ton. This figure represents a 0.5% decrease for black pepper but a 6.1% increase for white pepper compared to the previous month.
The United States was Vietnam’s largest pepper export market, accounting for 27.7%, with 6,233 tons, an increase of 35.9% compared to November 2025. Following were the UAE with 2,302 tons, China with 2,179 tons, Thailand with 1,261 tons, and Germany with 944 tons.
Pepper export value in 2025 reached an all-time high.
For the entire year of 2025, Vietnam exported a total of 247,482 tons of pepper, including 212,279 tons of black pepper and 35,203 tons of white pepper. Total export value reached over 1.66 billion USD. Although export volume decreased slightly by about 1.2%, value increased by 26%. This is also the year with the highest export value ever for Vietnam’s pepper industry. The average export price of black pepper in 2025 was 6,607 USD/ton, while white pepper was 8,629 USD/ton. These figures show an increase of 36.2% for black pepper and 33.6% for white pepper.
The impact of retaliatory tariffs caused pepper exports to the US in 2025 to decrease by nearly 24% compared to 2024; however, this market remained the largest importer of Vietnamese pepper. Other important export markets are the UAE with 22,232 tons, accounting for 9%; China with 19,923 tons, accounting for 8.1%; India with 12,499 tons, accounting for 5.1%; and Germany with 11,820 tons, accounting for 4.8%.
Vietnam is leading the world in pepper exports, and market opportunities are opening. However, this industry is facing considerable pressure as markets like the EU and the US are constantly tightening sustainable production standards. Cultivation also faces challenges from land degradation, emission levels, and disease.
Conversely, in 2025, Vietnam imported 42,688 tons of pepper for processing and re-export, with a total import value of 266.2 million USD. Compared to 2024, imports increased by 16.2%, while value increased by over 51%. Brazil was the largest supplier of pepper to Vietnam in 2025, with 19,404 tons, accounting for 45.5% of the market share. Next was Cambodia, with 12,404 tons, an increase of 82.5%, accounting for 29.1%, and Indonesia, with 7,546 tons, a decrease of 56.1%, accounting for 17.7% of import market share.
In addition to pepper, cinnamon exports in 2025 reached their highest volume and value ever. Accordingly, the total export volume of cinnamon for the year was nearly 120,300 tons. This result represents an increase of 20.4% in volume and 9.4% in value compared to 2024. India is Vietnam’s largest cinnamon consumer market, reaching 45,184 tons, an increase of 25.9%, and accounting for 37.6% of the market share. Next is the US with 13,583 tons, an increase of 22.6%, accounting for 11.3% of the market share, and Bangladesh with 10,202 tons, an increase of 28.7%, accounting for 8.5%.