According to the General Department of Customs, in May 2025, pepper exports are estimated to reach 26,328 tons, equivalent to 182.28 million USD. The average price was 6,923.3 USD/ton. There was a decrease of 0.4% in volume, 1% in value, and 0.6% in price compared to April 2025.
Pepper exports to the US market accounted for 24.7% of the total volume and 26.8% of the total export value of this product group nationwide, reaching 24,687 tons. The figure shows a 13.7% decrease in volume but a 43.5% increase in value and a 66.3% increase in price compared to the first five months of 2024.
In May 2025 alone, Vietnam exported 6,926 tons of pepper to the US, valued at 52.37 million USD, with a price of 7,561.7 USD/ton. It is an increase of 2.4% in volume, 6.2% in value, and 3.8% in price compared to April 2025.
The German market ranked second, with 8,451 tons of pepper worth 63.67 million USD, an increase of 23.5% in volume and 93.9% in value compared to the same period.
Pepper exports to India reached 7,501 tons, equivalent to 53.28 million USD, priced at 7,102.6 USD/ton, an increase of 10.1% in volume, 90.2% in value, and 72.8% in price.
Exports to the UAE were 3,960 tons, equivalent to 26.93 million USD, a decrease of 28.8% in volume but an increase of 16.5% in value.
Vietnamese pepper is favored by the United States, Germany, and India.
As a key export item, often referred to as “black gold,” in 2024, Vietnam exported 250,600 tons of pepper, including 220,269 tons of black pepper and 30,331 tons of white pepper. The total export turnover reached 1.3183 billion USD, with black pepper accounting for 1.1177 billion USD and white pepper for 200.6 million USD.
Vietnam and Brazil remain the two largest pepper-exporting countries in the world in 2024. However, Indonesia has emerged as a significant supplier, especially when Vietnam and Brazil faced a poor harvest last year.
According to the Ministry of Commerce and Industry of India, India’s pepper imports in the first three months of 2025 reached 9.9 thousand tons, valued at 68.5 million USD.
The average import price of pepper into India in the first three months was 6,920 USD/ton, an increase of 51.4% compared to the same period in 2024. The average import price of Indonesia’s pepper in India reached the lowest level at 5,676 USD/ton, while the import price from Sri Lanka reached the highest level at 7,257 USD/ton.
Vietnam is the second-largest supplier of pepper to India. However, India’s import of pepper from Vietnam has significantly decreased in the first three months by 24.1% in volume compared to the same period in 2024. As a result, Vietnam’s market share of pepper in India dropped from 36.89% to 20.66%. In India, Vietnamese pepper is facing fierce competition from supplies coming from markets such as Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Brazil.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment, pepper is grown in 70 countries with a total area of about 670,000 hectares and global pepper production of 558,000 tons. The area is primarily concentrated in the following countries: Brazil, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Cambodia, China, and Malaysia.
Experts believe that global pepper prices in 2025 could remain high due to declining supply, while demand in major markets such as the United States and Europe is stable. The demand for pepper in the food and spice processing industry is still the main driving force for the market.